back

How to Start a Letter (and Mistakes to Avoid)

Starting a letter with the appropriate professional greeting can make all the difference and help you make a great first impression. This article will explore various professional greeting examples and provide guidance on how to begin a letter for different scenarios while highlighting common mistakes to avoid.

Related: How to End an Email Professionally (Examples)

Professional Greeting

Formal Salutation

A formal salutation sets the tone for the rest of the communication and demonstrates respect towards the recipient. When addressing someone with their last name, it is appropriate to use “Dear Mr./Ms. Lastname,” followed by a colon or a comma. For example:

  • Dear Mr. Smith,
  • Dear Ms. Johnson:

If you are unsure of the person’s gender, you can use their full name instead, such as “Dear Taylor Green, …”.

Greeting with First Name

In some cases, using the recipient’s first name can be acceptable, especially when you have an established relationship or the communication is less formal. When addressing someone by their first name, you can use “Dear” followed by the person’s first name and a comma. Examples:

  • Dear Lisa,
  • Dear Tom,

Make sure to consider the nature of your relationship and the context of the communication to determine if it is appropriate to use the person’s first name.

Generic Salutation

When the recipient’s name is unknown or you’re unsure of the appropriate salutation, a generic greeting can be used. A safe option is to address the letter using “Dear Sir or Madam,” or “To Whom It May Concern.” These greetings maintain a level of professionalism while accommodating situations when specific information is unavailable.

  • Dear Sir or Madam,
  • To Whom It May Concern:
  3 Detailed Examples: Job Interview Request Email Responses

Keep in mind that it’s always better to find the recipient’s name if possible, as using a generic salutation can appear impersonal.

Choose the appropriate salutation based on the context, the nature of the relationship, and any available information about the recipient.

Summary:

Examples of Professional Greeting

  1. Formal, recipient not known:
    • To Whom It May Concern
    • Dear Sir or Madam
  2. Formal, recipient known:
    • Dear Mr. Smith
    • Dear Ms. Johnson
  3. Informal, recipient known well:
    • Dear Alex
    • Hi Jessica

How to Start a Letter

Business Letter

Begin the first paragraph by introducing yourself and the purpose of the letter. For example:

Dear Ms. Smith,

My name is John Doe, and I am writing to discuss the recent changes in our partnership agreement…

Cover Letter

In the first paragraph, introduce yourself and mention the specific job for which you are applying. State where you found the job posting or share a mutual connection if applicable. For example:

 

Dear Mr./Ms. Last Name,

I am writing to apply for the position of Marketing Manager at ABC Company, as advertised on LinkedIn…

Mistakes to Avoid

Using informal greetings for formal letters

Mixing a casual tone with a professional letter can seem unprofessional and misrepresent the purpose of your message.

Examples:

Incorrect: Hey there, Mr. Johnson

Correct: Dear Mr. Johnson

Assuming gender when addressing someone

When you don’t know the recipient’s gender, avoid using “Mr.” or “Mrs.” and stick with a gender-neutral salutation.

Examples:

Incorrect: Dear Mrs. Lee

Correct: Dear Lee

Spelling the recipient’s name wrong

Double-check the spelling of the recipient’s name: misspelling it can come across as disrespectful or careless.

  7 Examples: How To Email a Hiring Manager Directly
Using a generic greeting when the recipient’s name is known

Addressing someone by their name shows effort and attention to detail.

Examples:

Incorrect: To Whom It May Concern

Correct: Dear Dr. Smith

Too much information in the opening line

Keep the opening line of your letter concise and get straight to the point, avoiding unnecessary information.

Examples:

  • Incorrect: In regards to our conversation yesterday about…
  • Correct: Regarding our recent conversation…
Expressing opinion

While expressing your viewpoint may be appropriate in some contexts, avoid imposing personal opinions when drafting a professional letter. Instead, focus on providing facts and evidence to support your message.

This approach ensures that the letter maintains a neutral and respectful tone, which is important for effective communication in a professional setting.

Example 1: Instead of “I think the manager is incompetent,” write “There have been several instances that raise concerns about the manager’s ability to handle the situation effectively.”

Example 2: Instead of “The new policy is terrible and will hurt the company,” write “The new policy may have unintended consequences (provide details) that could impact the company negatively.”

Incorrect punctuation

Missing or misused punctuation can lead to misunderstandings and confusion. Always review your letter for punctuation errors and maintain consistency in the usage of punctuation marks like periods, commas, and semicolons.

Incorrect grammar

Grammar mistakes can make the letter difficult to understand and give an unprofessional impression. Take advantage of online grammar check tools to help you identify and correct errors.

Related: How to End an Email Professionally (Examples)